Alpine Ash and Mountain Ash ecosystems in the Victorian Central Highlands provide essential ecological services and habitat for threatened species, but these forests are now under threat from a range of disturbances. We have been researching numerous aspects of these ecosystems for over 38 years, conducting repeated detailed ecological monitoring at over 180 sites. These sites have been subjected to a variety of fire and logging histories, and this has enabled us to examine the impacts and responses of plants, animals and soils to fire, post-fire salvage logging and clear-cut logging. We describe concerning trends of interacting disturbance regimes and potential consequences for ecosystem health and recovery.