The banded hare-wallaby, Lagostrophus fasciatus, a medium-sized (1,700 g) macropod, had a pre-European range that extended from the coast of central Western Australia to southern South Australia. Remnant wild populations now persist on only two islands in the Shark Bay region of Western Australia, Bernier (ca. 2,790 individuals) and Dorre Islands (ca. 2,440 individuals). This makes the species particularly vulnerable to catastrophic events and continued loss of genetic diversity via genetic drift. These small island populations have therefore been used as source populations for conservation translocations, but harvesting reduces source population sizes and could lead to further reductions in genetic diversity.